Abafana ba metero ya metero ikomeza umwuka mugihe ubuzima bushingiye kuriwo. Ntabwo ari ibikoresho byabitswe - niwo murongo wa mbere wo kwirinda umwotsi, ubushyuhe, no kwiyubaka uburozi mugihe cyihutirwa. Twashizeho, twagerageje, hamwe nibibazo-byo kurasa Subway Umufana sisitemu mumishinga 12 ya metero hirya no hino mubushinwa no muri Aziya yepfo yepfo. Mu iyagurwa rimwe rya Beijing, umufana watsinzwe yateje iminota 47 yo gutinda guhumeka byihutirwa mugihe cyimyitozo y’umuriro - igihe gihagije kugirango urwego rwa CO rurenze 300 ppm. Ibyo byabaye byahinduye uburyo dusobanura, tugerageza, na komisiyo.
Impamvu abafana basanzwe bananiwe munsi yubutaka
Abafana benshi mu nganda barasenyuka mubihe bya metero - bitatewe nuburemere burenze, ahubwo biturutse kubushake budahuye. Umufana rusange-intego ya axial irashobora kwimuka 120.000 m³ / h kuri 500 Pa ihagaze kumpapuro. Ariko munsi y'ubutaka? Ihura nubushyuhe bwa 85% umwaka wose, umwuka wuzuye chloride hafi ya tunel yinyanja, kunyeganyega kuva gari ya moshi zinyura (kugeza Hz 12 kuri 0.8 mm amplitude), hamwe na zeru zeru zo gutwarwa nubushyuhe. Twabonye moteri ishyuha mugihe cyiminsi 90 kuko icyiciro cya insulasiyo F cyarasobanuwe - ariko umuyaga wa tunnel udasanzwe wasangaga 52 ° C mugihe cyizuba.
Ingingo nyayo yo gutsindwa ntabwo ari umwuka-ni kwizerwa mugihe uhangayitse. Ibisabwa bitatu bidashobora kuganirwaho bitandukanya ibice bya metero-na cataloge:
- Icyemezo-giturika (GB 3836.1–2021) kuri zone ikunze kwibasirwa na metani cyangwa interineti ya bateri
- Gukomeza-inshingano IP55 + kurinda kwinjira, hamwe na silicone ifunze ibyuma bifata ibyuma
- Impamyabumenyi iringaniye G2.5 cyangwa nziza, byagenzuwe kuri 110% yumuvuduko mwinshi wo gukora - ntabwo byihuta gusa
Hatariho byose uko ari bitatu, inzinguzingo zo kugabanuka zigabanukaho 60%. Umukiriya umwe yasimbuye abafana buri mezi 14 kugeza ahinduye kuri rot-rot-axial ibishushanyo mbonera byombi byigenga. Intera yabo nshya: amezi 47.
Urukurikirane rwa FBD: Yubatswe kumurongo wukuri, ntabwo ari urupapuro rwa laboratoire
Urukurikirane rwa FBD (dⅠ) ruturika-rutera igitutu-rutera-ruzunguruka ruzunguruka ruzenguruka umuyaga uhumeka umuyaga ukemura icyo abafana ba tunnel basanzwe birengagiza: kugenzura icyerekezo no gusubiza byigihe gito. Iteraniro ryibyiciro bibiri-ibyuma byimbere ninyuma bizunguruka mubyerekezo bitandukanye - bitanga 22% murwego rwo hejuru ugereranije nibice bimwe bihwanye na 1.800 yo kuzamuka k'umuvuduko. Ikirenzeho, igera kumurongo wuzuye mumasegonda 2.3 yo gutangira. Ibyo bifite akamaro iyo gutahura umwotsi bitera guhumeka mbere yuko ibiboneka bigabanuka munsi ya metero 10.
Ntabwo dusubiramo gusa ibisobanuro-turabyemeza. Buri gice cya FBD gikora:
- Kwipimisha amasaha 48 yumunyu (ISO 9227) kuri 5% ya NaCl
- Kwihangana kunyeganyega kuri 15 g kwihuta kuri miriyoni 10
- Kwigana ubushyuhe bwumuriro: guhinduranya moteri yashyutswe kuri 180 ° C, hanyuma ikonja vuba kugeza kuri -20 ° C - isubirwamo inshuro 200
Ibi ntabwo birenze ubuhanga. Ihuza ibyuma na ibahasha ikora. Iyo umuriro wa tunnel wibasiye 600 ° C, abafana begereye bagomba kurokoka ubushyuhe bukabije kugirango bahagarike inzira. Ibice bya FBD byatsinze ibizamini byiminota 90 kuri 750 ° C ubushyuhe bwubuso budafite imiterere.
Customisation ntabwo ihitamo-Irasabwa na Physics
"Off-the-shelf" ntabwo ibaho kubakunzi ba metero ya metero. Umuyoboro wa diameter, icyiciro, gari ya moshi, hamwe numwirondoro wumuriro utegeka abafana geometrie, ntabwo ari udutabo twamamaza. Umuyoboro wa diametero 5.8 hamwe na 3% ya gradient ukenera icyuma gitandukanye hamwe nu kigereranyo cya hub ugereranije na metero 4.2 ya bore-nubwo byombi bisaba 150.000 m³ / h.
Dutangira umushinga wose hamwe namakuru yakusanyirijwe hamwe-ntabwo ari ibitekerezo. Ba injeniyeri bacu bapima:
- Ubucucike bwibintu (PM₁₀ na PM₂.₅) mu masaha 72
- Baseline CO₂ na NOₓ kwibanda mugihe cya serivise
- Igipimo cyamazi yubutaka ahantu h'abafana
Ayo makuru atwara ibyemezo nta rupapuro rwihariye rushobora: niba wakoresha titanium alloy blade (kubirwanya chloride), niba washyiramo trmocouples mumashanyarazi (kugirango uhagarike guhanura), cyangwa niba ugomba guhuza itumanaho rya bisi ya CAN kugirango ubone igihe nyacyo cyo gutanga raporo kuri SCADA. Ikibanza kimwe cya Guangzhou Line 11 cyasabye abafana ba centrifugal idashobora kwangirika hamwe na caste ya Hastelloy C-276 - kubera ko amazi yubutaka pH yapimye 3.2. Ibyuma bya karubone bisanzwe byangirika mumezi 11.
Reba Hanze Yumufana - Reba Sisitemu
Umuyoboro wa metero ya metero ninziza gusa nkuguhuza kwayo. Twabonye abafana bo murwego rwo hejuru bananiwe kuko imitwe yo kwishyiriraho yumvikanye kuri 42 Hz-inshuro imwe nko kunyura muri gari ya moshi 8. Gukosora ntabwo byari umufana mushya. Byarahujwe na dampers ya misa yasuditswe mumurongo winkunga hamwe nudupapuro two kwigunga hamwe na 0.035 mm kwihanganira gutandukana.
Umutekano nyawo uturuka mubitekerezo bya sisitemu: kwerekana ikirere (ukoresheje ANSYS Fluent hamwe na geometrie nyayo ya tuneli), kuvura acoustic (kugirango urusaku ruri munsi ya 85 dBA kuri sitasiyo ikora), hamwe nubwubatsi bukabije (N + 1 iboneza hamwe na switchchover yikora mu masegonda 1.2). Buri Zibo Hongcheng Subway Umufana amato afite umurongo-kunyerera, raporo yo kugoreka guhuza, hamwe nincamake y'ibizamini bya electromagnetic - ntabwo ari ikimenyetso cya CE gusa.
Kwizerwa ntigerwaho mu ruganda. Byerekanwe muri tunnel-umunsi kuwundi, imyitozo yumuriro nyuma yimyitozo yumuriro, imyaka icumi nyuma yimyaka icumi. Niyo mpamvu twubaka kumihindagurikire mibi, icyi gishyushye cyane, no guhagarika amashanyarazi maremare. Kuberako iyo umwotsi wuzuye koridoro, nta "byiza bihagije." Hariho gusa gukora.
